Medical personnel's custom of seeking medical advice
Pásztor K.

Medical personnel present during its work as model for the patients, thus its behavior, relation to health mean an example, and for this reason it can influence the health condition of the entire population. Health behavior of medical personnel may differ from that of general population, the cause of which can be the closeness of medical attendance, and interwoven connections. The author carried out a questionnaire-based survey in medical personnel of Semmelweis Hospital of Miskolc. The result is unambiguous, - in compliance with the hypothesis - health behavior of medical personnel differs in many points from that of general population. On the whole it can be concluded that health behavior of medical personnel needs to be changed, for which alteration of attitude, commitment to each other and greater attention are essential.

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Nurses and "burn out"
Bencés I.

The author wish to draw attention to timeliness and institutional effect of the selected topic, emphasizing the possible connections among intention to change career, time spent in health care system, secondary employment and burn-out.
Nurses working at in-patient departments were involved in the survey by completing an independent, anonymous and voluntary questionnaire. The target population included 294 nurses, 56.2% (167 persons) of the whole population gave an valuable answer.
None of them was burn-out only to a slight degree, however 16% of them came under moderate and 84% under high category.
Degree of burn-out does not coincide with their future plans. In the high category 46% of the examined population intends to keep working in health care system, 32% of them is uncertain regarding continuation of career.
17% of the examined population has been working only for a few years (0-5 years), despite they belong to the high category which almost corresponds to the results of those has been working for 6-10 or 11-15 years, that is 14% and 16%, respectively.
In case of undertaking secondary employment the incidence of burn-out symptoms increases. Depersonalization increases to 2.5-fold, emotional exhaustion and deterioration of personal performance increases significantly in the high category. Furthermore it can be concluded, that undertaking secondary employment has a negative influence on performance and almost all aspect of helping relationship.
The mental health of medical personnel is in danger. A significant human resources management problem is raised by the great number of nurses being uncertain regarding continuation of career. Degree of burn-out is not in direct ratio to the time spent in health care system, possibly due to other protective mechanisms.

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Health condition, lifestyle and health behavior in circle of nurses in Szeged and Szabadka
Markovic M., Pikó B., Piczil M., Kasza B.

Objective of investigation: to reveal medical personnel's subjective health condition, i.e. self-estimation of health, the prevalence of most common psychosomatic symptoms, health risk behavior such as smoking, alcohol and coffee-consumption. In addition our aim was to compare the groups of nurses from Szeged and Szabadka with respect to that how they evaluate their health condition.
Investigational method and sample: we interviewed 454 members of medical personnel, among them 253 were from Szabadka and 201 from Szeged. Self-administered, questionnaire-based data collection was performed, in which questions were asked about self-evaluation of health condition, incidence of psychosomatic symptoms and health risk behavior.
Results: A significant part of the examined medical personnel have psychosomatic symptoms, particularly headache, back and lower back pain and fatigue. In the population from Szeged these symptoms were more frequent, because of which it is not surprising at all, that people from Szeged found their health condition much worse. It is disquieting that a major part of the medical personnel in both populations have a harmful habit, on the other hand the people from Szabadka showed slightly more favorable behavior.
Conclusions: The results of investigation revealed that the health condition of interviewed people is mostly unsatisfying, and this is particularly true for the people from Szeged, who not only estimate their health condition worse, but also health risk behaviors are more frequent in their population. Many persons from both samples are suffering from psychosomatic symptoms too. On the basis of result we can come to the conclusion that the prevention of stress symptoms should be much more emphasized during their training.

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Situation of community nurses in view of nursing professional supervision
Körtvélyesiné Samu Gy.

During the investigation the author intended to reveal the opinion of community nurses on what factors are currently influencing the unfavorable situation of nursing in the hierarchy of basic health care.
A further aim of survey was to reveal whether the nurses in basic health care do really nurse or spend most of their working time with other activities not matching their qualifications. The author found also important to investigate education, research and management, which basically determine the prestige of a profession.
The author carried out the investigation in circle of community nurses working in family practices in Csongrád county. The sample population consisted of community nurses working in basic health care. Data collection was performed by a structured questionnaire involving 30 questions, by descriptive statistical method.
The results of investigation clearly show that in basic health care traditionally a doctor-centralized attitude gained ground, in which the nurses still serve the doctor, complete his/her instructions. A great part (47%) of working time of the interviewed nurses are spent with office work and there are such practices in which the general practitioner does not employ community nurse for fieldwork. The answers of nurses clearly demonstrate that for a more effective work involvement of a health care professional would be needed who would be charged mainly with higher level activities (e.g. screenings, organizing local education, management of nursing and prevention work):
In their opinion the minimal workforce, specific legal relationship, financing nursing from a "common budget" and lack of federation contribute together to that in basic health care nursing cannot function as an independent profession.
In the knowledge of results the local practice presses for changes. Function of community nurses would normally include in addition to basic and professional nursing also the prevention, health education and activities for development of health condition, however in Hungarian practices the most common function of community nurses are office work and completion of tasks ordered by the doctor. Deteriorating health indexes of Hungarian population have been pressing for years for organizing a more effective community care in which the role of nursing is indisputable. Since nurses working in practices visit the patients in their home and environment, the nurses are in possession of key information about psychic and social situation of the community which is essential for setting up the correct community (social) diagnosis.

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Graduated nurses and woman doctors at service of health
Hajagos O., MD. Feith Helga J., Kovácsné Tóth Á.

The authors examined what role conflicts, problems in workplace and family the graduated nurses and woman doctors face and how they can deal with. They also intend to reveal at what level the work and family duties show incongruity in the life of women with medicinal or nursing profession. During the investigation data regarding health condition and some lifestyle characteristics were collected too.
Quantitative, self-administered postal questionnaires, including closed questions, evaluating scales were used and content analysis was also performed by the authors. For assessment of connection among variables correlation calculation was applied.
The questions of questionnaire focused on the following main topics: profession, woman roles, health, health behavior and lifestyle.
Authors found significant difference between the data of graduated nurses and woman doctors in almost every main topics.

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Voluntary nurses at Hospice and departments of Geriatrics
Magyar J.

About volunteership in health care system the blood transfusion service comes to everyone's mind at first, however volunteers can have other role in hospitals as well.
The aim of investigation was to assess the demand on volunteers' work and degree of satisfaction with their work in circle of patients and nurses. Investigation was carried out in 2002 and 2005 at chronic departments (hospice, departments of geriatrics) and at department of surgery and that of internal medicine. The results of investigations demonstrate that both patients and nurses have a need for volunteers' work. Volunteers were able to do their work effectively, to patients and nurses' satisfaction. Patients and nurses did not only accept but asked for volunteers' help during the nursing.
The author wishes to draw attention to the advantages and yet unemployed possibilities of novel initiation which serve both patients' and nurses' interest.

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